How Preseason Hope Impacts Fans’ Attendance Intentions and Psychological Well-Being

Abstract

The authors developed a two-factor preseason hope scale and examined the moderation effects of preseason hope and state hope on the chain of effects from team identification and attendance intention to subjective well-being. A moderated–moderated mediation model was tested (n=224). Consequently, attendance intention mediated the relationship between team identification and well-being. The effect of team identification on attendance intention was stronger for those with lower preseason hope and state hope. The effect of attendance intention on well-being was stronger for those with higher preseason hope. Interaction effects by levels of hope were found among the conditional indirect effects.

Keywords:

• preseason hope Keyword: preseason hope
• state hope Keyword: state hope
• team identification Keyword: team identification
• attendance intention Keyword: attendance intention
• well-being Keyword: well-being

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